I have been patch clamping cell membranes since 1989, and have been studying and recording the electrical currents passing through ionic channels in these membranes. I have used all four types of patch-clamp configurations while studying Ligand-gated ionic channels. I did established and modified the patch clamp set up in Sydney and Newcastle in Australia as well in Karachi Pakistan at Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, University of Karachi. I am also trying to establish this Noble prize winning technique of Patch clamping in Brunei at the Universiti of Brunei Darussalam. During the establishment of this state of art electrophysiological, patch clamp set-ups around the world I got very exhaustive experience in not only the planning and implementation of funding but also for the identification of funding criteria.
During my Ph.D. studies in early 90s, I developed a very successful system for tissue culturing post-natal hippocampal neurons from rat pups at UNSW Sydney Australia. When these neurons were tested later on for their electrical properties, they seemed to behave in a very similar manner to those in vivo.
I have developed a running tissue culture set-up at the United Arab Emirate University and produced videotapes describing systematic tissue culturing process and all essential equipment, chemicals and necessary requirements for establishing a successful tissue culture facility. These videotapes are of equal benefit for Students, Instructors and Researchers. At PCMD, I have contributed in the process of developing Bio-Bank, which is now the source of supplying cells and tissue to the entire academic and research centers of Pakistan for doing research in different areas of Biological Sciences. During setting up these huge in-house and commercial tissue culture facilities, I endeavour to develop and plan medical aspects of culturing neuronal and non-neuronal cells and took initiatives in line with public health. Most important experience I gained during the development of these set ups is to keep the subtle balance between animal / human ethics and its research component.
In order to provide new insights into the architecture of neo-natal brain receptors such as GABAA and glycine receptors in the hippocampus, I have coupled patch-clamp recording and single cell reverse transcription (RT). This step was followed by PCR amplification in order to correlate the presence of mRNAs for each subunit and the functional properties of these receptor channels at the single cell level. I have established two complete RT-PCR set ups in Australia and USA. This technique is relatively complicated and researchers need lot of patience and practice. I have provided thorough technical guidance and advice to research team members in the laboratories of Newcastle, Australia and Philadelphia USA. I also try to develop understandings both in public who were giving body fluid samples and pharmaceutical companies who were providing us with their new drugs to be tested.
I have examined the structure of the pore of 5-HT3R by substituting histidine along its M2 region (the region of the receptor that forms the pore). The imidazole side chains of histidine can reversibly bind with metal-ions (in particular Ni2+) or protons. Examination of the periodicity of the blocking observed by the full series of histidine-substituted residues in the channel helped us to determine the topology (alpha helix, beta-sheet etc.) of the pore region of the receptor channel. I first started my research in this field at the Allegheny University of Health Sciences Philadelphia, USA in 1997. Then I continue doing proteomic based research at PCMD, University of Karachi.
Due to my interest in the analysis of DNA and Amino acid sequencing and resulting translation between such sequences I had derived pairs of oligonucleotides from published sequences of the original GABAAR, glycineR and 5HT3R cDNAs, and used them to amplify fragments from RNAs isolated from cultured hippocampal neurons using an RT/PCR kit. Full-length cDNA clones, corresponding to GABA, glycine and 5HT3R, been isolated and subcloned. Later on, site directed mutagenesis was performed to study the structure function correlation between wild type and mutant receptor channels.
Characterizations of these GABAA, glycine and 5-HT3 receptor channels could be further clarified by determining bicuculline, strychnine and tubocurarine binding affinities, altered antigenicity and by measuring Ligand binding subunit molecular weight. I would like to do further electro physiology of these receptor channels in the presence of modulatory drugs as to understand cell drug interaction at nanoscale. This information will help us in future to develop highly specific drugs thus leading to more effective and safer pharmaceuticals.
At the UAE University, and at PCMD, University of Karachi, I have edited compiled and wrote three books on Laboratory and Personal Safety and run a series of Safety and Ergonomics workshops in the beginning of Teaching Session to “Train the Trainers” from the College of Science and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAEU and University of Karachi. A Follow up indicated that the message was delivered to the students and all three books were distributed before the beginning of the academic year. These safety books were distributed to the students of UBD. The proceeding of the workshop is recorded and developed into CDs and Videotapes. Another series of Workshops on Ergonomics were also conducted for the administrative staff at UAEU and in PCMD. While performing these duties I experienced how to keep partnerships with agencies such as “Red Crescent” and others involved in Occupational Health and Safety process.
At the UAE University, and at PCMD, University of Karachi, I have edited compiled and wrote three books on Laboratory and Personal Safety and run a series of Safety and Ergonomics workshops in the beginning of Teaching Session to “Train the Trainers” from the College of Science and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAEU and University of Karachi. A Follow up indicated that the message was delivered to the students and all three books were distributed before the beginning of the academic year. These safety books were distributed to the students of UBD. The proceeding of the workshop is recorded and developed into CDs and Videotapes. Another series of Workshops on Ergonomics were also conducted for the administrative staff at UAEU and in PCMD. While performing these duties I experienced how to keep partnerships with agencies such as “Red Crescent” and others involved in Occupational Health and Safety process.